ÿþ<html> <head> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Mashroutiat, Constitution"> <META NAME="Title" CONTENT="Mashroutiat-Homepage"> <META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Soheila Sattari-www.goal-epmts.de"> <META NAME="Subject" CONTENT="Mashroutiat revolution, 1905, 1285, Democracy in Iran, Liberty, Bilder von Mashroutiat, Bücher und Artikeln über Mashroutiat, 100th Anniversy in Köln, Sekularismus, Modernismus, Women, Economy, Staatsgewalt, E41H7Ì*  *'1Ì. E41H7Ì*  ©*'(G'Ì E41H7Ì*  EB'D'* E41H7Ì*  9©3G'Ì E41H7Ì*  Ì©5/EÌF 3'D¯1/ E41H7Ì*  /ÌF H /HD*  '3*B1'1 B'FHF  2F  ,'E9G ~0Ì1Ì  *,//  /EH©1'3Ì .H'GÌ  ,EGH1Ì*"> <META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="www.goal-epmts.de"> <META NAME="Language" CONTENT="Persian"> <META NAME="date" CONTENT="2005-12-1220T08:49:37+00:00"> <style> body {margin: 0px; SCROLLBAR-FACE-COLOR: #FFBBBB; SCROLLBAR-SHADOW-COLOR: #FFBBBB; SCROLLBAR-HIGHLIGHT-COLOR: #FFBBBB; SCROLLBAR-3DLIGHT-COLOR: #FFBBBB; SCROLLBAR-ARROW-COLOR: #FFBBBB; SCROLLBAR-TRACK-COLOR: #FFBBBB; SCROLLBAR-DARKSHADOW-COLOR: #FFBBBB; SCROLLBAR-BASE-COLOR: #FFBBBB} </style> <title>Mashroutiat - Homepage</title> </head> <BODY text=#990000 vLink=#990000 aLink=#440000 link=#990000 bgColor=#FFDDDD><FONT face="tahoma"> <a name="anfang"> <br><center><h3><FONT face="tahoma">'1*('7 EÌ'F 1H4FAC1Ì H '3D'E 3Ì'3Ì</font></h3> <font face="tahoma" size=2><b>(.4 /HE: ":'2 3D3DG Ì ~GDHÌ H /H1'F 16' 4'G</center></b><br> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" align="center"> <center><colgroup> <col width="200"> <col width="650"> </colgroup> <font face="tahoma"> <tr> <td><a href="mash-beyzai.jpg" target=_blank><img src="mash-beyzai.jpg" height=90 width=65> </td> <td><font face="tahoma" size=2><b> <div align="right">FÌDHA1 (Ì6'ÌÌ <br>(1¯1A*G '2 3'Ì* 951 FH</b></div></td> </tr></table><br><br> <font face="tahoma" size=2><div align="right"><b> EB/EG H Ì'/"H1Ì</b> <br><br> /1 (.4 'HD (G (113Ì 41'Ì7 H †¯HF¯Ì 4CD ¯Ì1Ì 'FBD'( E41H7G ~1/'.*ÌE H *D'4 C1/ÌE *' /D'ÌD F'C'EÌ 'ÌF 'FBD'( 1' 1H4F CFÌE. 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(1GEÌF 2EÌFG  'EC'F (B/1* 13Ì/F 16' 4'G A1'GE 4/./1 9ÌF -'D /HD* 'F¯DÌ3 CG *' ~Ì4 '2 "F (' -E'Ì* '2 *4CÌD -CHE*G'Ì E-DÌ (1G(1Ì 1H-'FÌHF H /1 EF'A9 FA* .Ì2 ~4*Ì('FÌ EÌ C1/  *' G1 ,' EF'A94 'Ì,'( EÌ CF/  '2 "F (G1G ((1/  ,G* -E'Ì* .H/ 1' '2  '1*,'9 3Ì'G E0G(Ì  (3HÌ 16' .'F (1¯1/'F/  †1' CG *' "F GF¯'E 1H-'FÌHF H E0G(  '(2'1 E+(*Ì (1'Ì EB'(DG (' 'FBD'( /1 -'D 4CD ¯Ì1Ì 1H3ÌG (H/F/  'E' ~3 '2 *9EÌB *-HD'* /'.D 1H3ÌG H HBH9 'FBD'( 'C*(1  ,G* -E'Ì* 'F¯DÌ3 (3HÌ -CHE*G'Ì 1A1EÌ3* ('2¯4* H/1 F*Ì,G 16' .'F  31/'1 3~G '2 'ÌF -E'Ì* (1.H1/'1 4/. 16' .'F /1 ":'2 -CHE* .H/ *H'F3* -E'Ì* ,E9Ì '2 1H4FAC1'F 1' (.H/ ,D( CF/. E,D3 E4'H1G Ì .5H5Ì /1 /H1'F 'HD -CHE* HÌ H 41C* *1BÌ.H'G'FÌ †HF /C*1 E-E/ E5/B  Ì-ÌÌ /HD* "('/Ì  E4Ì1'D/HDG  E3*HAÌ 'DEE'DC ... /1 'ÌF E,D3 F4'F/GF/G Ì ~4*Ì('FÌ 'ÌF ¯1HG '2 -1C*G'Ì 'HDÌG Ì HÌ /1 2EÌFG Ì 1A1EG'Ì '3'3Ì H *HBA "4A*¯Ì /3*¯'G /HD* (H/. GE†FÌF GE'F7H1 CG Ì-ÌÌ /HD* "('/Ì '4'1G EÌ CF/  16' .'F /1 ":'2 *E'ÌD'* ,EGH1Ì.H'GÌ /'4*G '3*. 16' .'F (' H,H/ 'ÌFCG (' 16'Ì* F'.H'3*G Ì 1H-'FÌHF H ~4*Ì('FÌ 'F¯DÌ3 (B/1* 13Ì/  *H'F3* 915G '9E'D B/1* 1H-'FÌHF 1' *' -/H/Ì E-/H/ CF/. GE†FÌF (G *BDÌ/ '2 1A1E "*'*H1CÌ  B/EG'ÌÌ (1'Ì E/1FÌ2G C1/F 'Ì1'F (1/'4*. 16' .'F (.4 98ÌEÌ '2 'ED'C 1H-'FÌHF 1' :5( C1/ H (G B/1* 'F-5'1Ì "FG' /1 .1Ì/ H A1H4 'ED'C D7EG H'1/ "H1/. GEÌF E-/H/Ì* ('9+ 4/ CG 1H-'FÌHF '2 3'.*'1 A&H/'DÌ 'B*5'/ .HÌ4 A'5DG ¯Ì1F/ H (G 915G Ì *,'1* 1HÌ "H1F/ H ~'̯'G 'B*5'/Ì .H/ 1' (G ('2'1 H (9FH'F (21¯*1ÌF 'D̯'14Ì E'DÌ EF*BD 3'2F/. C31HÌ /1 EH1/ FAH0 E'DÌ  9E'EG (31'F EÌ FHÌ3/:  'E' 1H2Ì .H'1'F 'Ì4'F '2 /H 1'G '3*: ÌCÌ '2 ~HD GF/ CG 3'D'FG (' /3* FE'ÌF/¯'F 'F¯DÌ3 (G -,, 'D'3D'E 13/... /̯1Ì '2 ~HDG'ÌÌ CG ('21¯'F'F H *H'F¯1'F  EB/3 'Ì1'F A13*F/ Ì' .H/ (1F/... 'ÌF ¯1HG ('21¯'F'F Ì' -',Ì'F ¯1HGÌF/ CG (' E41H7G /4EFF/ H (*H/G H (G C4H1 (/.H'G EÌ ('4F/. GE'FCG F'E EÌGF ~13*Ì Ì' B'FHF Ì' E'FF/ "F 4FHF/ ¯3*'.'FG 1Ì4.F/ CFF/... /1 'ÌF C4H1 2ÌF/ H (' G1 ¯HFG FÌCÌ /1('1G Ì "F /4EFÌ FE'ÌF/... 5 <br><br> (' 'ÌFGEG 16' .'F (' HBHA (G B/1* H FAH0 E1/EÌ 1H-'FÌHF H 7(B ¯A*G Ì .H/4 7(B E5D-*  '1*('7 .H/ 1' (' "FG' -A8 C1/ H GEH'1G *D'4 EÌ FEH/ *' -E'Ì* "FG' 1' (.H/ ,D( CF/. GEÌF 'E1 ('9+ 4/ CG 1H4FAC1'FÌ CG /1 ":'2 '2 'H -E'Ì* EÌ C1/F/  ÌCÌ ~3 '2 /̯1Ì 1'G .HÌ4 '2 'H ,/' 3'2F/. 1H-'FÌHF CG (' ,EGH1Ì.H'GÌ H /1 F*Ì,G E-/H/ 4/F B/1* .HÌ4 4/Ì/' E.'DA (H/F/  /1 'ÌF E1-DG (G 71A/'1'F 313.*  3D7F* (/D 4/F/ H 1'G 1' (1'Ì 13Ì/F 16' .'F (G ~'/4'GÌ GEH'1 C1/F/ <br><br> /1 F*Ì,G Ì 3'24 16' .'F (' 1H-'FÌHF CG EF,1 (G ~1'CF/G 4/F 1H4FAC1'F '2 -HD HÌ 4/  2EÌFG (1'Ì 14/ -CHE* '3*(/'/Ì ('1 /̯1 A1'GE ¯4*. (9('1* /̯1  16' .'F CG (9/ 16' 4'G 4/  G1 †F/ /1 ":'2 *H'F3* /1 37- H (7H1 8'G1Ì  B/1* 1H-'FÌ* 1' E-/H/ CF/  'E' F*H'F3* FAH0 9EÌB H 'Ì/&HDH˜ÌC 'ÌF FÌ1H 1' F'/Ì/G (¯Ì1/. (9('1* /̯1 1H-'FÌ* *1,Ì- EÌ /'/ CG 16' .'F (9FH'F  4'GF4'G EB*/1 -CHE* CF/ *' /DÌDÌ H,H/Ì '4 (9FH'F -'EÌ  E3*69AÌF H  3*E /Ì/¯'F (2Ì1 9D'E* 3H'D F1H/. -*Ì *' (/'F,' ~Ì4 1A* CG A*H' 5'/1 C1/G  '7'9* '2 16' .'F 1' H8ÌAG Ì /ÌFÌ '9D'E C1/ <br><br> /1 /H1'F 16' 4'G CG (' '*C' (G -E'Ì* 'F¯DÌ3 (B/1* 13Ì/  E,EH9G 'Ì '2 *6'/G' H *F'B6'* 1' EÌ (ÌFÌE. '2 ÌC3H 1A1E  FH3'2Ì  E-/H/ 3'.*F B/1* 1H-'FÌHF H /¯1¯HFÌ :Ì1 B'(D 'FC'1 †G1G Ì 'Ì1'F  '2 3HÌ /̯1 FAH0 1H-'FÌHF /1 (ÌF E1/E  F'~̯Ì1Ì 1A1EG' H 31 'F,'E 'Ì,'/ H *BHÌ* 3'.*'1 '3*(/'/Ì -'CEÌ* 16' 4'G. '2 ÌC3H '*C'! (1 1H4FAC1'F H 1H4F¯1'F *,// .H'G /1 /H1'F ":'2ÌF B/1* ¯Ì1Ì H '2 3HÌ /̯1 1HÌ "H1/F (G 1H-'FÌHF H *8'G1 (G /ÌF/'1Ì CG ('9+ A'5DG ¯1A*F 1H4FAC1'F '2 /3*¯'G /HD* 4/. /1 'ÌF /H1G /1 'ÌF /H1G (' 1H4FAC1'F 2Ì'/Ì 1H(1HÌÌE CG G1 †F/ /1 915G 'F/Ì4G H GF1 "+'1 '12F/G 'Ì "A1Ì/F/ H G1 †F/ (G FB/ '3*(/'/ 16' 4'GÌ H B/1* 4Ì9G /3* 2/F/  'E' CE'C'F H /1 6EÌ1 F'.H/"¯'G :D(G (1 FAH0 '3D'E 1' F'EECF EÌ Ì'A*F/. F'EG'ÌÌ †HF C31HÌ  EDC '491'Ì (G'1  ,E'D 2'/G H /G./' *FG' †F/ FEHFG '2 'ÌF /3*G 'F/ <br><br> /1 'ÌFEH1/ /D'1'E E4GH1Ì EÌ FHÌ3/:  ... 'ÌF C3'F '2 EDC 'D491' (G'1 H 9D'EG B2HÌFÌ *' C31HÌ H ,E'D2'/G G1 †F/ /1 'F*B'/ '2 '3D'E 3.F'FÌ ¯A*F/  'E' (G *'ÌÌ/ H *H,ÌG "F FÌ2 ~1/'.*F/ H /13* GEÌF 'F*B'/  *'ÌÌ/ "FG' 1' H2FG Ì E.5H5Ì EÌ /'/. "FG' E7'D(Ì 1' /1 3*'Ì4 '3D'E E71- 3'.*F/ CG /1 7HD G2'1 3'D '2 Ğ 9E'EG (31Ì (1 FÌ'E/G (H/. (113Ì "+'1 'ÌF C3'F F4'F .H'G/ /'/ CG *3D7 A2'ÌF/G Ì *AC1 '3D'EÌ '2 H1'Ì -1C* ÌC ¯'E (G ~Ì4 H /H ¯'E (G 9B(  †¯HFG /1 /H1'F ~GDHÌ ,'E9G Ì 'Ì1'FÌ 1' /1 EÌ FH1/Ì/. *FG' FEHFG H'1 "FCG  C31HÌ C4A C1/  -,'( '3D'EÌ '5HD' ÌC ~/Ì/G Ì 'Ì1'FÌ '3* H 13E /1('1G' H -1E31'G'Ì 4'G'F!... 6 <br><br> (3Ì'1Ì '2 'ÌF 1H4FAC1'F (1'ÌF *5H1 ('7D 5-G ¯0'4*F/ CG  '3D'E H'B9Ì (' "F†G  (G F'E '3D'E 'F,'E EÌ 4H/  *A'H* /'1/. 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(9('1* /̯1 *-HD'* 8'G1Ì /H1'F 16' 4'G (ĞH,G (' *-HD'* ',*E'9Ì GE1'G F(H/. 1H-'FÌHF 9DÌ1:E E-/H/Ì*G'Ì 8'G1Ì  E4:HD *,/Ì/ BH' (H/F/ H GE†F'F '2 G1 A15*Ì (1'Ì *BHÌ* FAH0 .H/ '3*A'/G EÌ C1/F/ <br><br> /1 (.4 3HE 'ÌF E7D( (G /H1'F E-E/ 16' 4'G H *1CÌ( FÌ1HG'Ì 1H4FAC1Ì 'Ì1'F .H'GÌE ~1/'.*. <br><br> niloofarbeyzaie@gmx.at <br> www.nbeyzaie.com <br><br><br> B3E* 'HD 'ÌF EB'DG (' 9FH'F: 'FBD'( E41H7G  '2 E41H7G *' 'FBD'( õ÷ 1' <a href="mash-beyzai1.html">'ÌF,' (.H'FÌ/</a><br><br> B3E* 3HE 'ÌF EB'DG (' 9FH'F: -CHE* E-E/ 16' ~GDHÌ 1' <a href="mash-beyzai3.html">'ÌF,' (.H'FÌ/</a> <br><br><br> <b>EF'(9</b> <br> 'HD: GE' F'7B  ,F¯ A1BG G' /1 'FBD'( E41H7Ì* 'Ì1'F  'DA('  4E'1G 3  †'~ ~'1Ì3<br> /HE: GE'F,'<br> 3HE: GE'F,'<br> †G'1E: Ì-ÌÌ "1ÌF ~H1  '2 5(' *' FÌE' (,D/ 2<br> ~F,E: '-E/ C31HÌ  (G'Ì̯1Ì  4Ì9̯1Ì  5HA̯1Ì<br> 44E: /D'1'E E4GH1Ì  1¯ *'C  ,D/ 2  †'~ ~'1Ì3 </div><br><br><br><br<br> <font face="tahoma" size=1><center><b><a href="javascript:window.print()">†'~ 'ÌF 5A-G</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ('2¯4* : &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="#anfang">(G ('D'Ì 5A-G</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="javascript:history.back();">(G 5A-G B(D</a></center></font></div> </body></html>